The Battle of Wabash Essay - 1937 Words

On the morning of November 4, 1791, Major General Arthur St. Clair, along with an estimated 1400 soldiers, came under a coordinated attack by Chief Little Turtle and over 1000 Native American warriors. By the end of the day, the casualties on the American side were well above nine hundred. The Native Americans casualties were fewer than one hundred and fifty. St. Clair’s defeat, or the Battle of the Wabash, resulted in America’s largest defeat in any one battle against Native Americans. President George Washington demanded and received St. Clair’s resignation from the army. St. Clair faced the first Congressional Special Committee investigation and the course of the United States military changed. The defeat of St. Clair came at a time†¦show more content†¦Although many Native Americans sided with the Americans during the revolution, tribes in the Old Northwest refused to recognize the Americans as victorious. In 1783, the British informed the Shawnee, Delaware, Chickasaw, Creek, and other tribes that they had ceded the land south of the Great Lakes, but the Americans would respect the Ohio River as the boundary with the Indians. The Treaty of Paris guaranteed nothing to the Indians. Most of these tribes had sided with the British. Native Americans, finding themselves continually encroached upon by the expanding settlers, were openly hostile. Treaties signed by various Native American Tribes in 1784 and 1785 at Fort Stanwix and Fort McIntosh attempted to address the Native American claim to territories in the Old Northwest. Not all tribes making claim to the area agreed to the treaties. Finally, in 1789, the governor of the Northwest Territory, Arthur St. Clair, authorized by Secretary of War Henry Knox, negotiated with the Iroquois Six Nations, Wyandot, Delaware, Ottawa, Chippewa, Potawatomi, and Sauk. The Treaty of Fort Harmar, ignored by the Miami, Shawnee, and other tribes was the last attempt at a diplomatic solution. Hostilities continued and by the end of 1790, the white settlers of the Old Northwest demanded protection from the federal government. Open hostilities led toShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of The Ford F-1500 ( 2500 874 Words   |  4 PagesThe 2018 RAM Limited Tungsten Edition answers the ultimate battle for finding the elemental antithesis to fragile masculinity. Chevy answered with steel harder than aluminum, but the 2018 RAM truck raises the ante with Tungsten. In the third quarter of this year, you can buy the Tungsten edition in the 1500, 2500 and 3500 crew-cab at Wabash RAM. This model has all the popularity of the Ford F-150 without the Ford. The Tungsten Edition distinguishes itself because of a white-and-indigo leather seatingRead MoreMotivations For Little Turtle s Success1245 Words   |  5 Pagesillusion of a retreat in the hopes that it would lure the army further into the countryside (Danver). Little Turtle’s plan was successful, he and his confederacy defeated Harmar’s troops. This successful defeat prepared the now united tribes for the battle they would soon face (Danver). In 1791 General Arthur St. Clair led a group of 2,600 men to complete the mission that Harmar had failed to complete (Danver). This group was comprised of regulars, six-month volunteers, and army militia (Buffenbarger)Read MoreBattle of Tippecanoe and Old Tecumseh Essay examples608 Words   |  3 PagesPuckeshinwa, was killed at the Battle of Point Pleasant, and in 1779 his mother, Methoataske, accompanied those Shawnees who migrated to Missouri, later died. Raised by an older sister, Tecumpease, Tecumseh would play war games with other fellow youths in his tribe. Tecumseh accompanied an older brother, Chiksika, on a series of raids against frontier settlements in Kentucky and Tennessee in the late 1780s. Chiksika had a vision that he would not survive the battle at Buchanans station he wentRead MoreThe War Of 1812 And The United States1422 Words   |  6 PagesCongress wanted to do. Congress pushed for this excessively. Before the Battle of Tippecanoe, There we take about Americ ans in the Indian Territories in different newspapers.â€Å"The white people have no right to take the land from the Indians, because they had it first. It is their . They may sell it, †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Doc. A). Americans were already pushing to western Expansion and trying to take land that is for the Indians. This lead to the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. Even after this, Congress continued to try toRead More Tecumseh Essay example600 Words   |  3 PagesPuckeshinwa, was killed at the Battle of Point Pleasant, and in 1779 his mother, Methoataske, accompanied those Shawnees who migrated to Missouri, later died. Raised by an older sister, Tecumpease, Tecumseh would play war games with other fellow youths in his tribe. Tecumseh accompanied an older brother, Chiksika, on a series of raids against frontier settlements in Kentucky and Tennessee in the late 1780’s. Chiksika had a vision that he would not survive the battle at Buchanan’s station he went aheadRead MoreThe Am erican Constitution Essay2253 Words   |  10 Pagesfederal regulations (Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway Company v Illinois, 1886, 390). In Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railway Company v. Illinois, 118 U.S, railroad companies were highly competitive on short and long-haul routes (BOOK). The short-haul routes were mainly controlled by monopolies, which created higher rates per mile for short haul shippers than it did for long-haul shippers. Illinois passed a law that did not allow discrimination on short or long-haul routes (Wabash, St. Louis andRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Native Americans906 Words   |  4 Pages Our history is written by the winners of the bloody, and merciless battles that shaped our country. The hate that has slaughtered thousands of people, is also the hate that has made our country the beautiful tragedy it is today. We all know the history of how Christopher Columbus came to the native land, named the people here indians because he thought he was in the Indi mountains and brought disease and colonists to the land to make it part of spain. What is usually left out of our history isRead MoreNative Americans And The American Indians1196 Words   |  5 Pagesa Miami warrior called â€Å"Little Turtle†, the Indians defeated the United States forces winning two major battles. Indians never again defeated United State Forces as they did in the battle at the Wabash River in 1791 (p156). Due to the impossibility of a negotiation with the Indians, General Anthony Wayne, â€Å"led 4,000 soldiers into the Ohio Valley in 1794 and defeated the Indians in the Battle of Fallen Timbers† (p.156). Once again, in 1789, under the â€Å"Treaty of Greenville†, Indians ceded a huge amountRead MoreThe Victory With No Name Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesVictory with No Name. In this historical account, Calloway addresses what occurred on November 4th, 1791, when an Indian army consisting of a variety of Indian tribes, led by Little Turtle and Blue Jacket, ambushed the first American army near the Wabash River to protect themselves from American expansion of the Northwest Territory. The American army, led by Revolutionary War veteran Arthur St. Clair, was ill-equipped with men, horses, and weaponry, and ignorant about Indian whereabouts and tacticsRead MoreNative Americans And The American Government Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pageschose Charles. While in school there is a scene where the teacher states that the Indians caused some battle but Charles knew the white people caused it. This portrayed fallacious history to make Indians look bad. In the end, the head of the tribe decided to move out of the town and this caused a problem. The white people tried to take away the guns of the Indians and this is what caused The Battle of Wounded Knee. In Dippe’s Vanishing American, the chapter talks about how our founding fathers wanted

Jealousy By William Shakespeare s Othello - 1075 Words

Jealousy is an individual showing envy of someone or what they have. In Shakespeare’s tragic play Othello, jealousy plays a major role throughout the tragedy. Iago, Othello s ancient , acts as the antagonist and is very manipulative. Iago envy of Othello’s position of power causes issues between Othello and Desdemona. His premeditated motives are used in the tragedy to manipulate the other characters. Iago’s wicked actions of revenge causes destruction in the play. To begin, Jealousy is a strong emotion that can affect an individual from seeing the truth. In Othello, Shakespeare vigorously uses jealousy as a theme throughout the tragedy. Iago, maliciously uses other character’s jealousy to betray one another and manipulate the loyalty†¦show more content†¦Iago is not only jealous of Othello choosing Cassio over him, he also feels like Othello should not have the superior power. In Act 1 of Othello Iago states, â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him:/ We cannot all be masters/ cannot be truly follow’s. You shall mark/ Many a duteous and knee-crooking knave/ That (doting his own obsequious baondage)/ Wears out his time, much like his master’s ass† (1.1.44-49). In this scene, Iago explains his destructive plan to Roderigo. Iago is very much bitter towards the people superior to him like Othello and Cassio. Iago declares that in order to get his revenge he will pretend to be loyal to Othello and serve hi m but he will get his revenge. Iago seeks his revenge on the Moor by going to Desdemona’s father about their secret marriage. Interrupting Brabantio Iago explains, â€Å"I am one, sir, that comes to tell you your daughter/ and the Moor are now making the beast with two backs† (1.1.115-117). Iago’s plan to bring Othello down starts with breaking him and Desdemona up, making Roderigo feel that he will have his chance with Desdemona. Iago does not mind turning his friends and his general against one another, he takes more action into getting the revenge he seeks for. Equally important, even though it is Iago’s jealous behavior that causes multiple problems to happen Othello’s jealousy contributed to the tragedy. Othello being very gullible in the drama and believing in Iago, he let his jealousy getShow MoreRelatedJealousy By William Shakespeare s Othello1439 Words   |  6 PagesDangers Of Jealousy If jealousy takes over the human mind it can eat a person like termites on wet wood. In that moment of jealousy an individual can do anything, which results in bad decisions in life. Often people try to get rid of the jealousy they keep inside them by making evil choices. In the novel Othello by Shakespeare, Othello demonstrates how can an individual completely ruin himself in the phase of jealousy. The other noteworthy instance of jealousy is portrayed by Brabantio, which isRead MoreOthello s Jealousy By William Shakespeare Essay2434 Words   |  10 PagesOthello’s Jealousy Jealousy. It is an emotion that we have all felt you know that sharp pang in your chest when you start to feel insecurity or concern towards your significant other. In William Shakespeare’s Othello, Othello has a deep uncanny love for Desdemona that you would think that it could not be swayed or destroyed. Ironically enough, Iago stirs his pot of lies and insinuates that Desdemona is being unfaithful and is cheating on him with lieutenant Cassio, which causes Othello to becomeRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare757 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expressesRead MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1450 Words   |  6 PagesJealousy in Shakespeares Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚   Othello features jealousy as the dominant motive for action and therefore just as reflected in real life we bare witness to jealousy influencing the characters of Iago, Brabantio, Roderigo, and Othello. In this essay I shall be attempting to examine this theme in depth drawing comparison between jealousy and the consequential action.   The dominance of jealousy as the chief causative force of action in the drama is very obvious to most critics. InRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despiteRead MoreBetraying and Lying in Othello by William Shakespeare1726 Words   |  7 PagesBetraying and lying have become the root of all evil today. People have made it an everyday thing to lie and betray people just because they like to see people broken in misery. People also lie and betray people because of jealousy they may have towards them. The tragedy of Othello explains why some people are not trustworthy. Just because some people feel like they are miserable, they try ev erything in their power to make the other individual miserable as well. Enemies come in different colors,Read MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1581 Words   |  7 PagesJealousy in Othello  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare is known for his exceptional ability to compose plays full of deceit, trickery, revenge, and jealousy. The play Othello, evolves around the theme of jealousy.    One of Shakespeares most credible characteristics in his writing is his ability to compose a play in which has a story that originates, and strides on lies. As theses lies were unraveled the central theme of his play became distinct, and clearly visible. The central theme wasRead MoreOthello, The Moor Of Venice, Is One Of The Principal Tragedies1180 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, the Moor of Venice, is one of the principal tragedies by Shakespeare. This tragedy contains many themes which are important in society today. Many aspects of people s lives have changed, but the way people think is still the same . Shakespeare s Othello wants to underline the psychological and social impact of racism; and the power of manipulation as well as jealousy. These are the most important themes throughout this drama. Othello takes place in Venice, Italy. He was a black generalRead MoreOthellos Tragic Flaw Essays1208 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, a Moor, comes to Venice after several years of serving in the military. Being a Moor makes it difficult to be taken seriously. I tis like segregation in the 1960’s, white’s had luxury while colored had almost nothing. In order for Othello to gain some respect, he had to gain authoritative power, which he did by becoming a military general. In the military Othello meets Cassio and Iago, he chooses Cassio as his lieutenant which upsets Iago. The promotion of Cassio begins to show jealousyRead MoreOthello As A Tragic Hero872 Words   |  4 PagesVenice, Othello is transformed into a crazy, senseless man. William Shakespeare uses the idea of a tragic hero in almost all of his dramas. A tragic hero can be described as a person of high status who is neither completely good nor completely evil, possesses a tragic flaw, and leaves this flaw to be the reason for his/her downfall. Othello believes he can trust one of his soldiers, Iago, who is determined to seek revenge on Othello for not promoting him to be a lieutenant. Othellorsquo;s temper

Unit 6 Essay Exam Ap Us History P3 Free Essays

Elsa Castro period3 11-19-2012 Unit 6 Essay Exam Before the start of the industrial revolution women was a gender that was considered insignificant, and powerless. It has always been that way till the years of 1790 and 1860 that things where begining to change drastically. Since that drastic changed we all know as the industrial revolution economically women were finally given the opportunity to work,earn their own money,and help their families; while domestically there was reat amount of admiration from women in the comfort of their own home now instead of just expecting their place to just be there. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 6 Essay Exam Ap Us History P3 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Industrial Revoltuion as we all know was a period of drastic change in technology, manufacturing,and transportation from the start of the nineteenth century onward. Those things had a huge effect on the economic, social, and the cultural conditions. Due to the drastic change women were finally allowed to work. Before the industrial revoltuion if women wanted to work they would have domestic jobs like sewing,or making household materials out of soap. When the period of change was at its end women were now working in factories. This radical change was only the begining of women being able to work. earn their own money, and being able to gain economic independence. Although women were now able to work they would work to a certain extent. Women would have to work 13 hours a day, and get paid very little. Inaddition if your a women that has been single would have to leave their job if the women is getting married; once your married your husband will be the supporter of the house. Even before, during, and after the industrial revolution the women still had to be at home taking care of her husband and her children. Normally in domestic families women normally would have to agree with the husband, and both of them were only limited to doing certain task How to cite Unit 6 Essay Exam Ap Us History P3, Essay examples

Strategic business management of American Apparel

Question: Describe about the Strategic Business Management for American Apparel. Answer: Introduction The fortune of American Apparel, a leading fashion brand in America, has faced a reversal in its fortune in mid 2010. American Apparel is a fashion retailer established on 2003. It was one of the fastest growing fashion brands in America. It had expanded its company in Canada and USA and to eighteen other countries within a very short span of time. In 2008, the company was placed in second position after Nike and was listed as the Top Trendsetter Brands, beating Apple in third position. The CEO of the company, Dov Charney, was named as the retailer of the year (Weed and Davis 2013). The problem with American Apparel began in July 2010, when Deloitte and Touche resigned from the company due to the material weakness and decline in the sales and profit of the company (Noel 2015, pp.37-52). The company went bankrupt due to decline in sales, fall in the price of shares and decline in growth. The aim of the report is to critically analyze the case study of the American Apparel and analyze the problems and issues faced by the company. The share prices of the company declined by 66 cents in September 2010 down from a high of $16.80 in December 2007 (Noel 2015, pp.37-52). American Apparel is involved in manufacturing, sewing, cutting, dyeing, and designing cotton T-shirts by using a vertically integrated strategy (Abernathy et al. 1995, pp.175-246). Identification of strategic issues and problems American Apparel uses vertical integration business tool where all the operations of manufacturing and distribution is operated at one single unit. The main issue identified with American Apparel is a decline in sales, profit, growth, and share prices of the company that made the company go bankrupt in the year 2010. The strategies used by American Apparel changed in 2009-2010 due to the problems that it was facing. The main problem was the financial crisis and decline in the sales and growth. The strategies of American Apparel in 2009 were to achieve a growth in sales by twenty percent (Bowles 2014, pp.36). It had also aimed and targeted at earning twenty to twenty five percent per share over next few years. The strategies formed for the years 2010 to 2012 focused on restructuring the financial status of the company by emphasizing on cutting down the cost and conserving the cash. The company had set a new finance team to manage the financial strategies of the company (Hill et al. 20 14, pp.55). The CEO of the company believed that the company should focus on cutting down the cost and boost its efficiency, while others doubted the viability of the strategies formed by the company. American Apparel Company focuses on vertical integration strategy where the produced products instead being supplied to contract manufacturers in low wage countries were supplied to high wage countries in Los Angeles. American Apparel faced problems because of high cost of manufacturing in United States. The higher cost can be offset by premium quality, styling, and brand image. The reason for the rise in problems at the company was due to the lifestyle, personality, and attitude of the CEO of the company. The CEO of the company had a very lean attitude and inappropriate workplace behavior due to which the company faced several issues. The attitude of the CEO towards the social issues such gender equity and frankness to media was considered as inappropriate and harmful to the companys growth. The CEO of American Apparels was considered as deprave (Noel 2015, pp.37-52). The other strategic issue with the fashion brand was that despite of production of cotton T-shirts in America huge amounts of T-shirts had to be imported. The import of T-shirts from other countries such as China and other countries increase the competition for American Apparels. The competitors of American Apparel are Hanes and Fruit of that Loom. The strategies of American Apparels focused on marketing, distributing, and manufacturing products both overseas and offshore. The process of manufacturing and production was not divided in American Apparels. One of the unique strategies of the organisation was its vertical integration business model where the entire process of manufacturing, production, designing, marketing, and advertising is conducted at its headquarters in Los Angeles. The operations of all its retail stores are done via Los Angeles. Due to its strategy, the company was successful in achieving speed and flexibility in its operations. Though the strategy of vertical int egration helps the organisation create new and innovative design and trends in fashion it increases the cost for the company. The strategies of the company focus on timely production of commodities and producing products of new design in order to maximize the sale. The production and manufacturing of the products is created at a very short span of time. The strategies of the company not only focus on the management of production process but also concentrate on the customers. It is essential for the company to form strategies to advertise its products in the existing market and attract customers that are more new in order to achieve its set target and strategic goals (Hambrick and Fredrickson 2001, pp.48-59.). The target market of the company are young adults, aged twenty to thirty two. The strategy of the company focuses on establishing a valuable culture in order to attract customers. The company was also involved in supplying the products online. The company was facing downturn until the year 2010 due to which it had to adopt and alter its strategies to improve the financial condition. The primary focus of the company was on the retail business (Orlitzky 2008, pp.6-27). The main issue with the vertical integration strategy was that it restricted the international expansion of the company. The company should concentrate on expansion of supply chain, and logistical activities in order to expand the industry. The company had expanded its range of products that added to the problems for the company. It added more complexities to production, distribution and marketing activities and increased the cost for the company. The lack of effective implementation of the vertical integration strategy added to the problem for the organisation (Porter 1996, pp.5-7). The strategies used by the organisation led to the reigning of senior management level such as Tom Casey. The retail stores closed during the period of 2010- 2012. The stores were cut from two hundred and eighty one to two hundred and forty nine. The other strategic issues were the rise in the debt of the company as it was involved in taking loans from Capital Lion Crystal financial LLC. The company had borrowed eighty million dollars that had increased the pressure for the company (Grant 2016, pp.100). The issues with the vertical integration are as follows: Balancing capacity is a primary issue of vertical integration strategy. It is essential for the firm to expand its upstream activity in order to ensure downstream efficiency. In the case of American Apparels, all the manufacturing and distribution operations are handled in Los Angeles. Vertically integration strategies increase the cost of the company due to low efficiencies in managing its suppliers (Lichtenstein 2014, pp.99). Vertical integration strategy reduces the scope of expanding the variety of products manufactured by the company as the entire process of manufacturing and a single firm or center handles distribution. The cost is high as the products are to be shipped from the place of manufacturing to the respective retail stores and customers. The bureaucratic costs are also high. The firm has to compromise in existing competency areas (Collis and Rukstad 2008, pp.82-90.). Analysis and evaluation The first retail store of American Apparels was established in the year 2003. The company was considered as the fastest growing industry and achieved second place for creating a unique brand design after Nike. The headquarter of the company is at Los Angeles where all the manufacturing and distribution takes place. All the operations by American Apparel are managed from Los Angeles at itself. Until 2010, the operations of the company were going good, after which there was downturn in the sales and profit of the company. It was due to the strategies used by the company and the behavior of the CEO of the company. The company had expanded its store to US, Canada and eighteen other countries. The company was traditionally responsible for producing the blank cotton T-shirts and supplying it to the printers who designed logos and retailed the products. By 2012, American Apparels was responsible for supplying both the blank T-shirts and designed T-shirts under its own brand name and logo to the targeted customers. The design of the T-shirts is inspired from the classical style where the designers focus on creating iconic styles of T-shirt (Weed and Davis 2013, pp.202-205). The design of the T-shirts was inspired from classical style and design. The company hires the employees with professional attitude who are able to create iconic styles and design. The range of products manufactured by the company had increased by 2009. The company was involved in supplying products such as dresses, sweatshirts, jacket and various types of apparels. The products were not only manufactured for humans but also dogs. American Apparels faced many financial issues due to the strategies it had adapted. Despite of all this issues the company was able to reestablish itself by focusing on vertical integration business tool and expanding its production to international front. The 2010-2012 downturns were improved by stabilizing the operations of American Apparels and altering its strategies. The measures adopted focused on appointing new senior management team that would help in improving the operational efficiency. The company backed its finance by taking loan from Lion Capital. The company had adopted cost-measuring measures by evaluation the cost efficiencies in raw materials purchased, managing logistical activities, reducing corporate expenses and rationalizing the employees of the organisation (Olson et al. 2005, pp.47-54.). The company had expanded its sales by providing the product through online business, sales, and retail sales. The company mainly targets to sell its products to young adults aged twenty to thirty with high value, and fashionable strength. The strategy by American Apparel focuses on building a relationship of its customers in order to establish brand loyalty. The retail stores are located in metropolitan cities. The online business and supply of American Apparels products are available for the customers of US, Mexico, Canada, UK, Europe, and other countries. Recommendations American Apparel that is one of the leading fashions Brand in US has its headquarter in Los Angeles. The company was operating successfully until 2010 after which the company started facing downturn. The company uses vertical integration business tool to manage its operations. The sales, profit and share prices of the company were following and the debt was rising. It is hence essential for the company to alter its strategies in order to improve its business efficiency. It is recommended that the company should establish its manufacturing unit in a developing country where the labor will be available at low wage. This is necessary as this strategy will help the country in minimizing its cost of operation and hence will increase the profit (Collis and Rukstad 2008). The company should also focus in expanding its customers base by promoting its large variety of products is the new market. Larger the customer higher is the profit of the organisation. The products can be promoted using various methods such as advertisement, newspapers, word of mouth. The company should focus on the quality of the product in order to attract the loyal customers. Instead of operating all the activities at just one place, the production and distribution activities should be diversified. This will help in proper management and reduction in the cost of production. The company should not just focus on vertical integration strategy but implement other strategies to manage the business. The logistical activities and supply chain of the company should be expanded in order to manage the cost effectively and efficiently. It is also essential for the manger to have right attitude at workplace. The CEO of the company should change its attitude of frankness and be more focused on the operations and strategies. Conclusion Hence, it can be concluded that America Apparels one of the leading fashion brands has used many strategies to expand its business to other countries. There is a period of boom and downswing in every business. It is up to the managers and the employees how they handle the situation. The company was growing until the year 2010 after which it started facing downturn in its business. The sales and profit of the company fell due to the vertical integration of strategies used to manage the business. The business had started showing improvement after 2012 after the company had altered its strategies. References Abernathy, F.H., Dunlop, J.T., Hammond, J.H., Weil, D., Bresnahan, T.F. and Pashigian, B.P., 1995. The information-integrated channel: A study of the US apparel industry in transition.Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. Microeconomics,1995, pp.175-246. Bowles, H., 2014. American Apparel Advertisements. Collis, D.J. and Rukstad, M.G., 2008. Can you say what your strategy is?.harvard business review,86(4), pp.82-90. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Hambrick, D.C. and Fredrickson, J.W., 2001. Are you sure you have a strategy?.The Academy of Management Executive,15(4), pp.48-59. Hill, C.W., Jones, G.R. and Schilling, M.A., 2014.Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012.Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Lichtenstein, N., 2014. Two cheers for vertical integration: corporate governance in a world of global supply chains.Unpublished manuscript. University of California-Santa Barbara. Noel, H., 2015. Branding Guilt: American Apparel Inc. and Latina Labor in Los Angeles.Dilogo,18(2), pp.37-52. Olson, E.M., Slater, S.F. and Hult, G.T.M., 2005. The importance of structure and process to strategy implementation.Business horizons,48(1), pp.47-54. Orlitzky, M., 2008. Corporate social performance and financial performance. Orlitzky, M., Siegel, D.S. and Waldman, D.A., 2011. Strategic corporate social responsibility and environmental sustainability.Business society,50(1), pp.6-27. Porter, M.E., 1996. What is strategy?.Published November. Porter, M.E., 2008. The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Teece, D.J., 2007. Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance.Strategic management journal,28(13), pp.1319-1350. Weed, A.J. and Davis, C., 2013. American Apparel and the" XLent" Contest.Business Case Journal,20(1).